The collective bargaining agreement (CBA) of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is the contract between the NBA (the commissioner and the 30 team owners) and the NBA Players Association that dictates the rules of player contracts, trades, revenue distribution, the NBA Draft, and the salary cap, among other things. In June 2005, the NBA's 1999 CBA expired, meaning the League and the players' union had to negotiate a new agreement; in light of the fiasco that was the 2004–05 NHL lockout, the two sides quickly came to an agreement, and ratified a new CBA in July 2005. This agreement expired following the 2010–11 season, leading to the 2011 NBA lockout. A new CBA was ratified in December 2011, ending the lockout.[1]
Little changed in terms of the salary cap between the 1999 and 2005 versions of the CBA. In exchange for agreeing to the controversial player age minimum, the players received a slightly higher percentage of the League's revenues over the course of the new agreement. Additionally, the League's maximum salary decreased slightly in comparison to the 1999 CBA. Under the 2011 CBA, the players will receive a lower percentage of league revenues.
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A team must have 12 players on its active roster, but it is allowed to drop to 11 for a maximum of two weeks at a time. Eight players must suit up for every game. Any remaining players are placed in the Inactive List, and cannot play in games. Teams are required to have at least one player and a maximum of three on the Inactive List; this can drop to zero for up to two weeks at a time, and can temporarily be four with league approval in hardship cases. The Inactive List can change up to 60 minutes before opening tip by informing the official scorer of the game. A player can be inactive for as little as one game.[2] Players sent to the NBA Development League will continue to count on a team’s inactive list.[3][4] While individual teams must carry a minimum of carry 13 players (12 active plus one inactive), the NBA guarantees a league-wide average of at least 14 players per team. The league is surcharged if they do not meet the average.[2]
Prior to the 2005 CBA, injured players could be placed on an injured list but were forced to sit out a minimum of five games.[3]
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